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General Introduction

All the paintings except No.10019 are Paubhas (a worshipful painted cloth, Thanka in Tibetan). Images 10019 is a Thyasaphu (foldbook), made of Nepalese paper smeared with Harital (yellow orpiment) depicted a sketch of Varahavatara (Incarnation of Vishnu as a Boar) in the full length of the paper. There are date, ranging 16th to 19th century in Paubhas. There is no date in the Thyasaphu sketch, which may be of 17th century.

Among nine images, seven are Buddhistic. Two images of Shani and Varahavatara could be said of Hindu. There are names inscribed in six among nine images. Three images are without names inscribed. They could be described as Mahakala(?),Yogini (?) and Varahavatara.

Place names are described in four Paubhas (No.10008/9/11/20). They are all from Medieval Kathmandu city . All inscriptions are written in Nepal-script (Newari Script). One, No.10008 is written in the style of Ranjana-script of Nepal-script. All others are written in popular (pracalit) style of writing Nepal-script.

The Newari name "Paubha" is worth-explaining here. The word is derived from old forms Patibharada and so on. In present inscriptions, we have two records :

Image 10011 Patibhara-d*a (AD 1842)
Image 10020 Pratibhara-d*a (AD 1853)

There are two words compounded in Patibharada-Pati or sometime Prati (a confused form) and bharada. The etymology of these two words are Skt. Pat*a and Bhat*t*a-ra(ka), which are glossed in dictionary as below :

Pat*a- A tablet, plate or piece of cloth for writing or painting upon
Bhat*t*ara(ka) - Venerable, worshipful etc.
[Apte 1986]
Thus a Paubha (Patibharada) meant worshipful painted (piece/roll of) cloth.


Click on images to go to full image with detailed inscriptions


10006
Shanideva

10007
Mahakala

10008
Cakrasambara Vajravarahi

10009
Amoghapasa Lokesvara

10010
Mahamandapa

10011
Aryavalokitesvara

10013
Yogini

10019
Varaha Avatara

10020
Dipankara Tathagata

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